Answer:
Heart failure is frequently the cause. Pressures in the heart rise when a sick or overworked left ventricle can't pump out enough of the blood it receives from the lungs. Fluid is pushed past the blood vessel walls and into the air sacs by the increasing pressure.
Answer:
Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) is a particle containing triglycerides and cholesterol and protein that is made by the liver. VLDL goes up with diets that contain a lot of fat, sugar, or alcohol. It can also be high in conditions such as diabetes and kidney disease.
Explanation:
Answer:
The white blood cells i.e. granulocytes and macrophages are specifically stimulated by GM-CSF in response to chemotherapy in cancer patients.
Explanation:
The colony stimulating factors (CSFs) are the regulators of granulocytes and macrophages in blood. The CSFs has the potential to regenerate the white blood cells damaged during chemotherapy. Thus, CSFs mobilize the stem cells to enhance the immune process and produce hematopoietic cells such as granulocytes, macrophages in cancer patients. The CSFs resemble hormones that are specifically targeted to produce blood cells in specified regions where the quantity of those cells is low. The CSFs belong to a group of regulatory factors also known as cytokines and does not produce only a single cell type but stimulates colonies of different blood cell types for any specific organ. Hematopoietic cells produced by CSF are step-wise and formation of blast colonies take place initially. Afterwards, the blast cells regenerate and differentiated into multiple progenitor cells consisting of granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, eosinophills, erythroids, and lymphocytes. The progenitor cells in the granulocyte-macrophage lineage matures into neutrophilic granulocytes and macrophages.
Out of all types of CSF colonies, the Granulocyte-Macrophage (GM-CSF) colony is specially involved in regenerating immune responses in cancer patients. These cytokines stimulates the dendritic cell formation and produces dendritic activity against the cancerous cells. These GM-CSF colonies enhance the immune response of host against melanomas, tumors by reducing their growth and inducing remission. Hence, it can be said that granulocytes and macrophages are infection protective cells and elevates dangerously low levels of white blood cells in cancer patients following chemotherapy. The GM-CSF induction regenerates the bone marrow which is damaged and improves stem cells production.
Answer:
_measure intelligence.
Explanation:
Binet and his student Simon first created it because they were asked by the French government to come up with a way to identify children who were slow/behind. So, they invented a scale called the Binet Simon scale dedicated to measuring intelligence.
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