Answer: Chrysanthemum
Explanation: The chrysanthemum is the national flower of Japan. It is the Emperial Emblem of Japan.
Because they actually belonged to the feudal lord who let serfs work on his land in exchange for food while at the same time the serfs were offered protection in times of despair and need.
The correct answer was: When he was governor of New York, he started a broad relief program.
When Roosevelt was Governor, he made many strides in public relief programs which proved helpful while President.
To your first question--James Madison is widely known as the architect of the US Constitution (Although in reality it was the result of team work by 56 delegates).
To your second question--The six key principles outlined in the US Constitution are:
1. Popular Sovereignty (i.e. democracy or rule by the people)
2. Limited Government (i.e. again, democracy or the government can only do what the people instructs it to do)
3. Separation of Powers (there are three branches of power: legislative, executive, and judicial AND they are separate from each other)
Which brings me to...
4. Checks and Balances (each branch "checks and balances" the other two branches' power. For ex: the US President can veto congressional bills, Congress can ratifies judicial nominees, and the Supreme Court decides on the constitutionality of congressional bills).
5. Judicial Reviews (the judicial branch reviews governmental actions)
6. Federalism (there is a federal and a state government. These are separate from each other)
I may not even be close but I hope I at least helped a little bit. Maybe around 5,000.
Probably not even close. So sorry if it is wrong. Hope I helped