Answer:
- Independent assortment of chromosomes
- Crossing over
Explanation:
Independent assortment of chromosomes
We each have a diploid genome that is used to make haploid gametes. The selection of which combinations of chromosomes (and the particular alleles they hold) that are passed on to the gametes is random. I.e. 1 gamete could have the paternal chromosomes 1, 4, and 6, and maternal 2, 3 and 5. Another gamete could have paternal 2, 4, and 6, and maternal 3 2 and 5.
This produces unique combinations of alleles that are passed onto the next generation after sexual reproduction.
Crossing over
Crossing over occurs when homologous chromosomes pair up and align during meiosis. When this happens, they can exchange genetic material at homologous sites. This means that even <em>within </em>chromosomes, there are new combinations of alleles being created to pass on to the gametes before sexual reproduction. That is, each chromosome will have chunks of maternal and chunks of paternal DNA.
Both of these features increase genetic variation by two mechanisms, and this is occurring in two individuals, producing genetically diverse offspring.
c)Pituitary glands
It is a small structure in ther head. It is called the master gland because it produces hormones that control other glands.
Answer:
Esto es cierto porque una célula se define como la unidad básica, estructural y funcional de todas las formas de vida. La célula podría ser simple o compleja y contiene la información más importante sobre el individuo conocido como su ácido nucleico. El DNA controla la composición genética y física del individuo, coordina su comportamiento y garantiza que se adapte a lo largo de su vida. Esto hace que la célula sea crucial para la vida de un individuo. Los atributos físicos en el individuo, como la altura y el color de la piel, son controlados por la célula, mientras que también controlan los atributos genéticos, como el genotipo y el grupo sanguíneo.
Explanation:
Answer:
Depending upon the country and community in which you live, the authority exercised by elected officials is defined by formal rules and informal norms of behavior that apply in that jurisdiction. Authority is the willing compliance, almost automatic, with dictates from figures to whom we grant that authority. The formal rules limiting government officials’ authority should protect citizens from abuses of that authority but informal norms may sometimes allow elected officials to get away with actions that violate those rules or, at least, bend them to their own purposes.
