Question

The region of the world with the earliest evidence for the transition to food production occurs in

Answer 1

The region when people started settling and started to produce food (from the evidence we have so far) is the Middle East/Western Asia, known as 'Fertile crescent'.
It is here where people first started producing food for their own needs, instead of strictly depending on hunting and gathering. They started with farming crops around the bigger rivers with fertile alluvial soil. This allowed them to avoid starvation, to have more stable food source, but also influenced on the development of the settlements, and in time art, science, technology...