When it comes into contact with a host cell, a virus can insert its genetic material into its host, literally taking over the host's functions. An infected cell produces more viral protein and genetic material instead of its usual products. Some viruses may remain dormant inside host cells for long periods, causing no obvious change in their host cells (a stage known as the lysogenic phase). But when a dormant virus is stimulated, it enters the lytic phase: new viruses are formed, self-assemble, and burst out of the host cell, killing the cell and going on to infect other cells. The diagram below at right shows a virus that attacks bacteria, known as the lambda bacteriophage, which measures roughly 200 nanometers
Answer:
The trachea serves as a passage for air, moistens and warms it while it passes into the lungs, and protects the respiratory surface from an accumulation of foreign particles.
<span>D. grass they eat and water they drink</span>
The pathway between the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the Nucleus Accumbens is critical for the addiction process because lesions to this pathway eliminate addiction. It is a part of the brain.
<h3>What is the nucleus accumbens?</h3>
The nucleus accumbens refers to a part of the forebrain located in the hypothalamus.
The nucleus accumbens is an interface between motivation (i.e., stimuli) and the corresponding action (response).
The nucleus accumbens is fundamental in different responses such as, for example, rewards, stressful situations, drug behavior, etc.
Learn more about the nucleus accumbens here:
brainly.com/question/4946361
Answer:
Explanation:
1. a. Sunlight hitting the Earth's surface is the source of all energy in the pyramid.
b. 25,500 kcal is provided by this source to a square meter per year.
