The man who organized Roman law into an orderly body of rules was Emperor Justinian. This became known as Justinian's Code. This code served as the legal basis for several different elements of the Byzantine society including marriage, slavery, property, and women's rights. This code was world famous, as it lasted roughly 9 centuries and it became a foundation for several other empires/countries in developing their own legal codes.
No They Did Not Treat Them fairly
Book of Kells is a famous illuminated manuscript
The answer is Papua New Guinea