D, A
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Answer:
the phosphorous atom has 16 electrons
While photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, cellular respiration requires oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. It is the released oxygen that is used by us and most other organisms for cellular respiration. Without any oxygen, much less ATP would be produced.
Answer:
13% cytosine
37% thymine
Explanation:
Chargaff's rule states that the DNA always has a 1:1 ratio of purine bases (the cytosine and thymine to pyrimidine bases (guanine and adenine).
If there is 13% guanine, then there must also be 13% of cytosine (since G pairs with C)
The total of guanines and cytosines is 26%, meaning the total of A + T is 100% - 26% = 74%. That means there are 74/2 = 37% of thymine.
Answer:
A mutation in Ras protein which will cause hyperactivity will eventually lead to cancer.
Explanation:
Ras protein was first discovered in Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and it is a proto-oncogene product. In normal conditions, it plays an important role in cellular signalling but in case of gain of function/hyperactivity it gets converted into cellular oncogene. In several types of cancers a point mutation has been reported in Ras protein.
Just like G protein, it is also a GTPase switch protein but unlike G protein which is trimeric, it is monomeric. In the plasma membrane, it is attached with the help of lipids like prenyl or palmitoyl groups. During signal transduction pathway when it gets activated, it downstream activates MAPK pathway and causes gene expression but when it gets hyperactivated it causes over expression of genes leading to cancer.