Answer:
When directed mutagenesis which is also called reverse genetics is used, only a single mutation per genome is introduced. In contrast, the number of mutations per genome introduced by random mutagenesis is usually difficult to control. It is likely that the strain you obtained with a mutation in gene X after random mutagenesis contained an additional mutation or perhaps multiple mutations which ultimately was/were responsible for loss of virulence in your favorite pathogen.
The answer is D since organism x has a n optimal temperature of 37 degrees Celsius and when organisms y enzyme gets incorporated with enzyme x it will increase enzyme’s x temperature therefore enzyme x will denature meaning it will unfold and it will loose its properties hence loosing its activity because its temperature has been altered.
Answer: D). Proximal end
Explanation:
The less moveable end of the skeletal muscle is the medial or proximal end. It can be found near the point of attachement of the bones called as origin. It can be observed near the midline of the body.
Question: Describe how a single amino acid substitution causes hemoglobin molecules to stick together. Use what you know about the structure of Hb and HbS, the properties of glutamic acid and valine, and how hydrophobicity causes molecules to behave in water.
Answer:
A Single amino acid must be polar to attract, just like water.
Explanation:
Sickle cell is an genetic illness and it is began by a alteration that arises in the beta sub units of the haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is a tetrameric protein made up of 2 alpha sub units and 2 beta sub units and it is the important part of the blood accountable for oxygen passage. Sickle cell is a illness that consequences from a replacement of a polar amino acid identified as glutamate with a non polar one valine at site six of the beta polypeptide component of haemoglobin. The replacement occurs as a consequence of a alteration in one of the bases in the beta-globin gene from adenine to thymine . As a outcome of this change, the beta polypeptide chains convert sticky in low oxygen circumstances since the valine sticks out of the chain and interrelates with neighboring non-polar amino acids.
