Cultural: The Enlightenment philosophy desacralized the authority of the monarchy and the Catholic Church, and promoted a new society based on reason instead of traditions.
Social: The emergence of an influential bourgeoisie which was formally part of the Third Estate (commoners) but had evolved into a caste with its own agenda and aspired to political equality with the clergy (First Estate) and the aristocracy (Second Estate).
Financial: France's debt, aggravated by French involvement in the American Revolution, led Louis XVI to implement new taxations and to reduce privileges.
Political: Louis XVI faced strong opposition from provincial parlements which were the spearheads of the privileged classes' resistance to royal reforms.
Economic: The deregulation of the grain market, advocated by liberal economists, resulted in an increase in bread prices. In periods of bad harvests, it would lead to food scarcity which would prompt the masses to revolt.
What prompted the United States to send supplies to Israel during the Yom Kippur War of 1973 is the <span>Egypt’s support of Syria.
</span>In 1972, Anwar el-Sadat ousted and excluded 20,000 Soviet advisers from Egypt and started new diplomatic channels with Washington<span>, D.C., which, as Israel’s key ally, would be a vital mediator in any future peace talks. Sadat formed a new alliance with Syria, and an attack on Israel was planned.
</span>When the fourth Arab-Israeli war opened on the 6th of October 1973, a lot of Israel’s soldiers were away from their posts observing Yom Kippur--- Day of Atonement. Arab armies made a strong impression on their advances with their up-to-date Soviet weaponry. Soon, Iraqi forces joined the war, and Syria was supported by Jordan.
Many days after, Israel was fully mobilized. The Defense Forces of Israel started beating back the Arab gains at a huge cost to soldiers and equipment.
Airlift of arms of United States aided Israel’s cause, but as a tactic signal of the United States' sympathy for Egypt, President Richard Nixon (1913-94) delayed the emergency military aid for a week.
An Egyptian-Israeli cease-fire was secured by the United Nations on October 25,
<span>By demanding that a dispute between Venezuela and Great Britain be sent to arbitration, the United States defended the validity of the Monroe Doctrine. (Arbitration is the settlement of a dispute by a person or panel chosen to listen to both sides and come to a decision.) The British government backed down because it needed to stay on friendly terms with the United States.<span>The United States became involved in the Cuban rebellion against Spain, to protect American business interests. </span></span>
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Egyptian nationalization of the Suez Canal during the Suez Crisis meant that "The Egyptian government took control of the canal" specifically from Great Britain.
Jamestown experienced a drought from 1606 to 1612
