Question

for a function, can the number of elements in the range be greater than the number of elements in the domain? explain.

Answer 1

Neither, because for a function, each range has it own domain

Answer 2

No

domain is the set of numbers you can use in the function
range is the set of numbers you get from inputing the values from the domain

we actually have more numbers in the domain than numbers in the range
example
f(x)=x^2
if domain={1,-1}
becase of that square root
range={1} (we just list repeating values once)

so the number of elements in the range CANNOT be greater than the number of elements in the domain