Historians have labeled the years from 1870-1914 as the period of the Second Industrial Revolution. While the First Industrial Revolution caused the growth of industries, such as coal, iron, railroads and textiles, the Second Industrial Revolution witnessed the expansion of electricity, petroleum and steel.
Answer:
The generalization that "behavior is adaptive" is not new. It has been used to describe many psychological processes. The first one is cognitive dissonance. In psychology, cognitive dissonance occurs when a person holds contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values and is typically experienced as psychological stress when they participate in an action against one or more of them. The second one is conformity, the tendency for people to yield to real or imagined social pressure. Displaced aggression is taking aggression out on a person that had nothing to do with the conflict he/she is upset about. The fourth one is in-group bias, which is the act of favoring one's group over other groups, where group membership is defined as an individual's perceived identification with a social group's qualities, goals, or morals. The mere exposure effect is the sixth term. This is a psychological phenomenon by which people tend to prefer things merely because they are familiar with them. This effect is also sometimes classed familiarity principle in social psychology. In psychology, prejudice is the preconceived judgment, opinion, or attitude toward certain people based on their membership in a particular group. It is a set of attitudes, which supports, causes, or justifies discrimination. Social loafing in social psychology is the phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when working alone. It is seen as one of the main reasons groups are sometimes less productive than the combined performance of their members working as individuals. These all support the generalization that "behavior is adaptive" because all of them can be considered adaptive.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Two forces that affect the economic stability of cities are unemployment and inflation.
Unemployment is rate of people available for and looking for work, but without a job. In turn, inflation is the constant increase in the prices of goods and services during a certain period of time.
Both variables negatively affect the economic stability of cities, since, on the one hand, unemployment limits the productive capacity of the city and causes less money to circulate in the internal economy, limiting the population's consumption capacity and therefore hence the income of the city's companies. In turn, inflation causes a rise in prices that limits the consumption possibilities of the population, as each individual needs more money to acquire the same goods.
Both problems have a direct correlation with the population increase in cities: unemployment because an excessive increase causes an excess of people looking for work in a market that does not adapt to this need; and inflation because the higher the demand for the products, the higher the price of them.
