The correct answer is "public life".
Women had little or no role in public life.
In the early nineteenth century, a new gender ideology started to appear in which women were to the home, which was also called "private sphere," while men's job was defined as the "public sphere." While there was an obvious gender difference still there were a few women who occupied public posts.
China is much more democrat than Russia. Thats all i know srry
Workers were drafted, so they had to join the war and leave or quit their jobs. People also volunteered to serve, and so people who didn't get drafted or join, took their places.