Osmosis is the movement of water and is always the movement in the membrane. Diffusion does not need a membrane to make molecules and Diffusion is the movement of molecules. they do not require energy, they both move from a high concentrate to a low concentrate, and they both occur in plants and animals.
Answer:
3. Antibody-independent pathways of complement activation rely on complement components that directly bind to microbial surfaces.
Explanation:
There are three pathways of complement activation:
- The classical pathway.
- The alternative pathway.
- The lectin pathway.
The classical pathway is triggered by binding of C1 either to the pathogen surface or to antibody bound to the pathogen.
The alternative pathway is triggered by the spontaneous hydrolysis of soluble C3 to C3(H₂O) and initiates eventual deposition of C3 convertase on microbial surfaces.
The lectin pathway is triggered by the binding of mannose-binding lectin or ficolins to carbohydrate residues in microbial cell walls and capsules.
There are three domains:
the ARCHAEA, BACTERIA, and EUCARYA
oragnisms from ARCHAEA and BACTERIA have a prokaryotic cell structure, whereas organisms from the domain EUCARYA encompass cells wirh a nucleus confining the genetic material from the CYTOPLASM.
and all of this is the answer..good luck
The location and types of volcanoes are related to plate tectonics as well, so in that sense volcanoes also help us to understand about the tectonic history of a region because if there are volcanoes someplace even if they're not currently active we know that that must have been some sort of a plate uwu
