Innocent and exuberant, because it's told from the point of view of a little girl.
The correct option is A DESIRE FOR SOMETHING MORE.
From the excerpt given above, it can be seen that the speaker's mother had died leaving her a golden brooch. Even though the speaker cherishes the golden brooch, she is more than ready to exchange it for the rock-like courage of her mother, which she had carried to the grave. The speaker desires something more; she desires the courage of her mother.
Answer:
The word "protracted" means lasting longer than expected, or unusually long, so what protracted most clearly means based on the context of the excerpt is how the time period of celestial motion studies must have lasted unusually long.
