DNA molecule is made up of only four types of nucleotides that are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. These four types of nucleotide encode all the information necessary for the formation and working of the entire organism because each DNA strand is as long as 2 meter which contains millions of base pairs.
The four nucleotides are arranged in the DNA strand with many different combinations which results in the formation of codons sequence that contains all the information about the cell. This long DNA is compressed several times to fit in the nucleus.
The genetic material may be defined as the material that can be transferred from parents to the offspring. DNA is the main genetic material of the living organisms but RNA acts as the genetic material in some viruses only.
The four different bases present in DNA are adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine. The arrangement of these molecules is quite different in different species that brings variation in the living organisms. The DNA molecule is quite long that encode the information for the entire organisms.
