In an era when NASA is led by an African American man (Administrator Charles Bolden<span>) and a woman (Deputy Administrator </span>Dava Newman<span>), when </span>recent NASA Center Directors<span> come from a variety of backgrounds, it's easy to overlook the people who paved the way for the agency's current robust and diverse workforce and leadership. Those who speak of NASA's pioneers rarely mention the name Dorothy Vaughan, but as the head of the NACA's segregated West Area Computing Unit, Vaughan was both a respected mathematician and NASA's first African-American manager. I learn this from class and from a book I hope this helps
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The Indian Appropiation Act contained several acts enacted by the US Congress between the late 19th century and the early 20th century.
One of the most outstanding acts was the Indian Appropriations Act from 1871. According to it, Indians would not be treated anymore as an "independent nation, tribe, or power". In turn, Indians would be considered as "wards" of the federal goverment. This provision considers Indians somehow like children, as if they needed a tutor.
From this moment onwards, the US goverment did not have to mantain endless negotiations to sign treaties with the different Indian tribes. Also treaties that had been signed before the Act were not enforceable anymore.
The act made much easier for the US government to exercise control over lands which were previously dominated by the Indians.
Colonies such as Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and Maryland were settled primarily by people seeking religious freedom. Pilgrim Separatists desired a break from the Church of England, and arrived in Massachusetts aboard the Mayflower in 1620. Later, a different religious sect, the Puritans, arrived in Massachusetts fleeing persecution in England. Unlike the Separatists, the Puritans did not want to break from the Church of England; they wanted to "purify" it. This was met with opposition -- including violence -- and by 1630 nearly 20,000 Puritans fled to Massachusetts. Colonies such as Maryland were founded as a refuge for other persecuted religious groups. English persecution -- like a ban on a Catholic priest officiating a marriage of two Catholics -- prompted many to come to Maryland. Lord Baltimore founded Maryland as a Catholic refuge in 1632.
They didn't want to give one branch too much power, so they split it up equally.
