because pharaohs believe that they had an eternal spirit that allowed them to rule the land after their death.
so these kings built themselves magnificent tombs.
like a afterlife.
That is because theories of environmental determinism often led to racism and eugenics because it was believed that psychology and physiology of people varied due to their location, which meant that other races were different from us, and it was mostly used as an excuse to treat them as inferior.
General Dwight Eisenhower
Mecca, or Makkah, is Islam's holiest city. Located in Saudi Arabia, it is the birthplace of Muhammad and the religion itself. Millions of people travel there every year for the annual Hajj.