Romanticism came as a reaction to enlightenment. The ideas of nationality and homeland started developing more and a pride in being a member of a country started growing. This led to numerous new revolutions since people wanted to be independent and have their own countries and countries like Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire lost huge amounts of influence.
The imperial court in Kyoto was the nominal ruler of governments of Japan from 794AD until the Meiji period. But then after the court was moved from Kyoto