c. The novel uses first-person narration to show Grendel’s perspective.
Explanation:
Unlike the epic narrative poem "Beowulf" which details the exploits and heroic deeds of Beowulf, John Gardner's novel "Grendel" tells the story from the perspective of the monster Grendel. Being labelled the enemy in the epic, this novel rewrites the story from the point of view of Grendel himself.
By using the first person narration, the author makes sure Grendel's side of the story is shown, providing a fair chance for Grendel to make his point across. And with this new approach in characterization and narration, we see a different side of the 'monster' of "Beowulf". While Beowulf's Grendel was depicted as a terrorizing monster, Gardner's Grendel is shown as more like a human, with feelings, capable of thinking and forming opinions.
