Which of the following mechanisms best describes the manner in which lysozyme lowers the energy required for its substrate to re
ach its transition-state conformation? by speeding up the rate at which water molecules collide with the substrate by altering the shape of the substrate to mimic the conformation of the transition state by binding two molecules and orienting them in a way that favors a reaction between them by binding irreversibly to the substrate so that it cannot dissociate
The correct answer is "by speeding up the rate at which water molecules collide with the substrate".
Explanation:
One of the most common mistakes is to think that enzymes perform the reactions directly, but enzymes act as catalyzers, and the catalysis of hydrolases works by speeding up the rate at which water molecules collide with the substrate. The enzyme lysozyme works under this same premise, and by speeding up the rate of water collision with the substrate, they lower the energy required for its substrate to reach its transition-state conformation. Which ultimately results in the substrate hydrolysis.
The whiff of the perfume of Tammy reached the nostrils of Jim through the process of diffusion. The process of diffusion can be defined as the process by which the substances (liquid and gases) move from one place to another from the area of high concentration to the area of lower concentration. The particles of the perfume move from the Tammy's body (high concentration) towards Jim through the air (low concentration).
