Similar fossils found on different continents helped geologists determine how the continents used to be connected. Mountain belts marked the boundaries of moving plates, which showed in which direction the different continents drifted. Extrapolating from this information, scientists had a rough idea of how the continents were arranged eons ago.
Because of Dhaka's position below sea level the city experiences yearly flooding, particularly around the monsoon seasons and has the constant threat of rising sea levels, which would of course cause more flooding.