Answer:
a. 4.94%
b. 11.48%
Explanation:
Here in this question, we are interested in calculating the pretax cost of debt and cost of equity.
We proceed as follows;
a. From the question;
The debt equity ratio = 1.15
since Equity = 1 ; Then
Total debt + Total equity = 1 + 1.15 = 2.15
Mathematically ;
WACC = Cost of equity x Weight of equity + Pretax Cost of debt x Weight of debt x (1-Tax rate)
Where WACC = 8.6%
Cost of equity = 14%
Weight of equity = 1/(total debt + total equity) = 1/(1+1.15) = 1/2.15
Pretax cost of debt = ?
Weight of debt = debt equity ratio/total cost of debt = 1.15/2.15
Tax rate = 21% = 0.21
Substituting these values, we have;
8.6% = 14% x 1/2.15 + Pretax cost of debt x 1.15/2.15 x (1-21%)
8.6% = 14% x 1/2.15 + Pretax cost of debt x 1.15/2.15 x (1-21%)
Pretax cost debt = (8.6%-6.511628%)/(1.15/2.15 x (1-21%))
Pretax cost of debt = 4.94%
b. WACC = Cost of equity x Weight of equity + After tax Cost of debt x Weight of debt
8.6% = Cost of equity x 1/2.15 + 6.1% x 1.15/2.15
Cost of equity = (8.6%-3.26279%)/(1/2.15)
Cost of equity = 11.48%
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Answer: Investing Activities
Explanation: The investing activities lists all of the purchases and sales of long-term fixed assets, such as equipment, building, land, and the purchase of shares.
Hope this helps.
Answer:
Re-intermediation
Explanation:
Re-intermediation is the method applied by most businesses in using the internet to bring together new customers for a business. The advent of technology can afford business owners the possibility of eliminating physical intermediaries in a business. For example, house agents help people who are seeking for new places to live in, find houses easily. Through the internet, however, landlords can directly advertise their vacant houses, thus eliminating the agent relationship which would have served as an intermediary.
So, when established manufacturers by-pass Amazon (which is an intermediary between buyers and sellers) by adding online services to their existing offerings, they have done a re-intermediation.
Answer:
We can assume companies form country A export to country B. Country B's economy is very large and many domestic and foreign firms compete in it. High levels of competition will eventually lower the costs of products sold in a market, so the products sold in Country B have relatively low prices.
In order for foreign companies to compete in country B's market they must have low prices. So companies from country A will sell its products in country B at low prices, increasing the possibility that the price of their exports are lower than their domestic prices (prices for their own country). Therefore the chance for a dumping accusation increases.
