During the Middle Ages, almost all philosophers used to write in Latin- the language of educated and elite class while as Dante wrote his best poem Divine Comedy in vernacular, Italian language-the language of common people.
Dante's decision to write in Italian had a long lasting impact on Italian language. It paved the way for Italian to emerge as a language respect across the European landscape. There were more innovations in this language and more and more people began to write in Italian and ultimately Italian became a cultured and literary language. It is due to the impact of his writing in Italian, he is being called father of modern Italian language.
Answer:
John Locke.
Explanation:
John Locke is a British philosopher who lived in exile in the Netherlands from 1683 to 1688, his first finished work there was "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding", which addressed human knowledge topics, related to empiricism views.
Later in the book "The Second Treatise of Government" he argues against the Divine Right of Kings doctrine, which people were born in a condition that due to God subservience they should accept the social hierarchy and be obedient to their authoritarian Kings, as they were God’s representatives in earth.
Locke advocates that humans were free and decided because of natural laws to join together as in a social contract and to give part of their rights to a government, but keeping some rights, questioning the legitimacy of absolute power. He defends the sovereignty of the people and argues about legitimacy of government by decision and reasoning, opposing to legitimacy of power taken by force or violence.
D. becoming cynical and critical of traditional values
<span>Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Voltaire, Jean Jacques Rousseau, and <span>De Montesquieu</span></span>
