This is an example of negative reinforcement.
Her mother scolded her every time Jane bit her nails - so Jane learned that every time she bites her nails, she is going to be scolded sternly by her mother. In order to avoid that, she stopped biting her nails, and thus the reinforcement was successful.
Answer:
If the outcomes of other procedure that were used are similar to the omitted procedure by giving relevant evidence.
Explanation:
Generally, it is common practice to use the same procedure for a given set of actions to obtain the desired result. This serves as a routine work and the outcome is always the same if the same procedure is followed each time. However, if there exists an alternative method or procedure that will give a similar outcome to the omitted procedure, there is no need to perform the omitted method/procedure.
Answer: the correct answer is (c) a fallacious argument masquerading as valid.
Explanation:
Fallacious Argument.- An argument that sometimes fools human reasoning, but is not logically valid. It is crucial to remember that reasoning from definitions and facts to conclusions is fundamentally different from reasoning about definitions.
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