Verwoerd was an authoritarian, socially conservative leader and an Afrikaner nationalist. He was a member of the Afrikaner Broederbond, an exclusively white and Christian Calvinist secret organization dedicated to advancing the Afrikaner "volk" interests, and like many members of the organization had verbally supported Germany during World War II. Broederbond members like Verwoerd would assume high positions in government upon the Nationalist electoral victory in 1948 and come to wield a profound influence on public and civil society throughout the apartheid era in South Africa.
Verwoerd's desire to ensure white, and especially Afrikaner dominance in South Africa, to the exclusion of the country's nonwhite majority, was a major aspect of his support for a republic (though removing the British monarchy was long a nationalist aspiration anyway). To that same end, Verwoerd greatly expanded apartheid.[citation needed] He branded the system as a policy of "good-neighborliness", stating that different races and cultures could only reach their full potential if they lived and developed apart from each other, avoiding potential cultural clashes,[neutrality is disputed] and that the white minority had to be protected from the majority non-white in South Africa by pursuing a "policy of separate development" namely apartheid and keeping power firmly in the hands of whites.[citation needed] Given Verwoerd's background as a social science academic, he attempted to justify apartheid on ethical and philosophical grounds. This system however saw the complete disfranchisement of the nonwhite population.[2]
Verwoerd heavily repressed opposition to apartheid during his premiership. He ordered the detention and imprisonment of tens of thousands of people and the exile of further thousands, while at the same time greatly empowering, modernizing, and enlarging the white apartheid state's security forces (police and military). He banned black organizations such as the African National Congress and the Pan Africanist Congress, and it was under him that future president Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for life for sabotage.[3][4] Verwoerd's South Africa had one of the highest prison populations in the world and saw a large number of executions and floggings. By the mid-1960s Verwoerd's government to a large degree had put down internal civil resistance to apartheid by employing extraordinary legislative power, draconian laws, psychological intimidation, and the relentless efforts of the white state's security forces.
Apartheid as a program began in 1948 with D. F. Malan's premiership, but it was Verwoerd's large role in its formulation and his efforts to place it on a firmer legal and theoretical footing, including his opposition to even the limited form of integration known as baasskap, that have led him to be dubbed the "Architect of Apartheid". His actions prompted the passing of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1761, condemning apartheid, and ultimately leading to South Africa's international isolation and economic sanctions. On 6 September 1966, Verwoerd was stabbed several times by parliamentary aide Dimitri Tsafendas. He died shortly after, and Tsafendas was jailed until his death in 1999.
the filioque controversy and the role of the pope
Answer:
The three indigenous resistant movement that tried to resist Europe in 1450 to 1750 are
Pueblo Rebellion, North America
The Powhatan Indian confederacy, United States of America
Explanation:
Pueblo Rebellion, in North America resisted colonization from Spain. The Rebellion happen on August 11, 1680. The pueblo Rebellion is also known as Popé's Rebellion. The Rebellion happen in the present day region called New Mexico.
The Pueblo Revolt killed 400 Spaniards and drove the remaining 2,000 settlers out of the there Land. The Rebellion was lead by Popé or Po'pay who was a Tewa religious leader from Ohkay Owingeh.
The Powhatan Indian confederacy rebellion was a major conflict between the settlers of the Virginia Colony and Algonquin Indians of the Powhatan Confederacy in the early seventeenth century. The war was faught three times
Simply, because terrorist do terrorist attacks to send a message and to cause chaos. Terrorist target places like New York due to the very high population and population density in New York. Terrorist also target places like Washington D.C. because that’s where the United Sates Federal Government is located. That’s what also makes D.C. nearly impossible to attack due to its intense safety measures in place.
To simply put it, it’s because New York has a very high population and population density and D.C. is where the U.S. Federal Government is located. Terrorist attacks at low population/low population density/small government areas don’t send as big as a message/doesn’t cause as much damage unlike New York and D.C.
