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S_A_V [24]
3 years ago
13

Nerves that supply bone accompany ____________ through the nutrient foramen. they are responsible for the innervation of the bon

e as well as its outer covering, the ____________ , the inner lining of the medullary cavity, the ____________ , and the medullary cavity. the nerves that innervate these structures are mainly ____________ nerves that signal injuries to the skeleton.
Biology
1 answer:
Cerrena [4.2K]3 years ago
5 0
Nerve that supply bone accompany blood vessels through the nutrient foramen. They are responsible for the innervation of the bone as well as its outer covering, the periostem, the inner lining of the medullary cavity, the endosteum, and the medullary cavity. The nerves that innervates these structures are mainly sensory nerves that signal injuries to the skeleton.

Blood vessels enter the bones from the periosteum through the nutrient foramen (a small opening or hole in the bone), where the nutrient artery enters and where one nutrient veins exists in bone. The blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen required by cells and remove the waste products from the cells of the bones.

Endosteum functions to cover and lines the bone, it is an incomplete layer of cells that covers all internal surfaces of the bone within the medullary cavity. It contains the Osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts and osteoclasts which are important cells of the bone.

Periosteum on the other hand is a fibrous, thick membrane covering the external surface of the bone, apart from the articular cartilage on the epiphysis. It is made of two layers: the outer fibrous layer of dense irregular connective tissues that protects the bone from external structures, anchors the blood vessels and nerves to the surface of the bone. It also  serves as an attachment site for ligaments and tendons. The inner cellular layer contains various cells which includes the osteoprogenitor, osteoclasts and osteoblasts.



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In cats, the gene for Calico (multicolored) cats is an x-linked trait that is
hichkok12 [17]

Answer:

Considering the <u>whole progeny</u> (100%), there will be

  • 25% Black male kittens, XBY
  • 0% Calico Male kittens
  • 25% Calico female kittens, XBXR

Explanation:

<u>Available data:</u>

  • The gene for Calico (multicolored) cats is an x-linked trait and codominant
  • Calico Females receive a "B" and an "R" gene, and have black and orange splotches on white coats. Their genotype is XBXR.
  • Males can only be black or orange, but never calico. Their genotype is XBY and XRY

Cross: a female calico cat with a black male

Parentals)   XBXR    x    XBY

Gametes)  XB  XR       XB   Y

Punnett square)    XB        XR

                   XB   XBXB   XBXR

                    Y      XBY      XRY  

F1) Among the whole progeny:

  •     2/4 = 50%  will be black (female XBXB and male XBY)
  •     1/4  = 25% will be Calico (female XBXR)
  •     1/4  = 25% will be Orange (male XRY)  

   Among females:

  •    1/2 = 50% of females will be black, XBXB
  •    1/2 = 50% of females will be Calico, XBXR

   Among males:

  •    1/2 = 50% of males will be black, XBY
  •    1/2 = 50% of males will be orange, XRY        
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1. What is the limiting factor for most animal life in the open ocean?
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Answer:

Biotic: <em>Food availability</em>

Abiotic: <em>Temperature</em>

Explanation:

There are two types of limiting factors for biodiversity: biotic and abiotic. Biotic refers to living things, for example, organisms that are an important food source. <u>Most animal life forms in the ocean highly depend on the availability of a food source</u>. If food is limited or scarce, the populations of a given species could face significant declines.

On the other hand, there are abiotic factors, which refer to factors that are not alive, such as physical factors. For instance, temperature and light. <u>For marine organisms, temperature is a critical factor.</u> Even an increase of 'only' 1 ºC could make a huge difference in the survival of a species as it could disrupt their ability to forage, hunt, or perform physiological processes, <em>e.g.</em> metabolism.

Therefore, <u>if we refer to a biotic factor, food availability is a limiting factor for most animal life in the open ocean, whereas, if the refer to an abiotic factor, temperature (and light) are limiting factors for pelagic life.</u>

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