In the case Sweatt V. Painter in 1950, the Supreme Court ruled that the racial segregation in schools is unconstitutional and a violation of the fourteenth amendment. This case successfully challenged the doctrine "Separate but Equal" in the Plessy V. Fergusson case. In the state of Louisiana back in 1896, there was a state sponsored segregation of black and white students.
In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court carved out the doctrine of judicial review. This new doctrine enabled the judiciary to review the actions of the legislative and executive branch to determine whether or not the other branches acted constitutionally.
This brought the Supreme Court up to the level of being a co-equal branch of government.
The major downfall of the Articles of Confederation was simply weakness. The federal government, under the Articles, was too weak to enforce their laws and therefore had no power. The Continental Congress had borrowed money to fight the Revolutionary War and could not repay their debts.
The Germans wanted Lenin to start a revolt to take Russia out of the war.
During the 1920's The United States went through a thriving economic period (until 1929) and this caused Americans to spend more money in leisure, including sports and different types of entertainment and activities.
Because of all these things, sports became a national pastime and people could follow different sports by:
- Attending games
- Following teams in the newspapers
- Reading about teams in magazine reports
- Listening to games on the radio
