Option D. Joshua's statement of "transgressors are punished" is a true observation as it applies to both myths.
Explanation:
As mentioned in the question, the first myth tells the story of a man who has committed a transgression and is killed by the Gods due to his action. In the second myth, the character who has committed the transgression becomes the father of a cursed race of people.
Although the punishment in both myths is different, and it can be said that on the first myth the punishment is more drastic than in the second one, both characters receive a punishment for their actions. The first one dies as a result of his transgression, and the second one is responsible for giving a curse to every descendant of his family and of his community.
If you understand the historical perspective then you understand the cultural, social, intellectual, and emotional settings of the text. This can help you better understand why the person is feeling what he/she is feeling and it can help you understand why the character's do what they do.
