A: Increase clarity. As a part of your strategic plan, grant writing can be an integral part of your growth. Not only is it a way to secure funds, it can enhance your role in your community and your vision for the future.
D: The suppliers may abuse the absence of big competition and try to negotiate on their own terms. Request for proposal serves as a versatile tool for companies to inquire more information about certain products as well as attract new suppliers to cooperation.
I believe the answer to 1. is B, and Grare decisis means substantially the same. Basically based on a court's previous decision in a case, that same decision can be carried out and used in any future cases.