A scientific theory is an explanation of the aspects of the natural world and which can be tested and verified. By the use of methods like observations, While the scientific laws are also based on repeated experiments or observations. Scientific theories are evaluated through the use of reasoning.
The earth is has a temperature and is characterized by the system of the heat budget that acts as a balance to the flow of the heat with the earth's latitudes.
Thereby it keeps the earth warm form within and also filters the UV radiation and also provides water in the form of the rain.
The entire atmosphere act as a filter to the solar radiation that falls on the earth and thus acts shield to protect the planet.