Answer:
B.monosaccharides; disaccharide
Explanation:
Monosaccharides are the building blocks of morecomplex carbohydrates. They are carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler carbohydrates. They can be linked together through condensation to form disaccharides and polysaccharides.
Disaccharides are formed by linking two monosaccharide molecules together through the process of condensation. They are more complex than monosaccharides. During their formation, water is released.
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Answer:
In prokaryotes like E.coli, the structural proteins with related function are located in a single transcriptional unit called operon.
Explanation:
All the genes within a promoter are under the control of single promoter i.e they are controlled simultaneously. Usually the product of all the structural genes within a operon are needed at the same time.
There is a regulatory region in the operon which include promoter region and the regions where transcription factors binds. RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region for transcribing the structural genes.
In lac operon, there are three structural genes : lacZ - encodes for beta galactosidase, lacY - encodes for permease and lacA - encodes for trans-acetylase.
Repressor is a transcription factor which binds to the regulatory region called operator. Operator lies between the promoter and the transcription start site. Binding of repressor to the operator site blocks the RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes.
Inducer is also a regulatory molecule which can activate or repress the transcription. It does so by binding to activator and repressor. In lac operon allolactose serves as inducer. When allolactose binds to repressor, it prevents its binding to the operator site and thus RNA polymerase successfully transcribes the structural genes.
Answer:
The roots organ is genereally placed under the soil and may undero variious modifications. The roots are present in plant that help them to absorb water and nutrient from the soil.
Some plant roots contains the bacteria that helps in the conversion of nitrogen into ammonium ions. The plants changes the roots because the rhizobium present in plant roots helps in the conversion of nitrogen so that it can be used by the plants. The Rhizobium produces ammonium (NH4+) ions.