Answer:
because the more alike species are The more they have to adapt to try and compete with one another So the more different a species is the less they have to compete
<u>Answer:-</u> <em>Option C </em>- evidence that microorganisms cannot grow in boiled broth when new organisms were not allowed to enter.
<u>Explanation:-</u>
- <em>Theory of spontaneous generation</em> stated that the living organisms can be created from non living matter. However, this theory was disapproved and replaced by the <em>cell theory</em> which stated that all living organisms are created from cells and new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
- There were several experiments conducted by various scientists to disapprove the theory of spontaneous generation however, the experiment that was most successful to do so was the one conducted by <em>Louis Pasteur</em> in 1859.
- <em><u>Description of the experiment:-</u></em>
-In his experiment, Pasteur boiled a meat broth in a flask (it was known that boiling the broth kills the micro organisms) and then heated the neck of the flask to bend into a S- shape.
The purpose of the S shaped neck was to allow the air to enter into the flask but not the micro-organisms as the micro organisms will settle by gravity in the neck and not reach into the flask.
<em>observations of the experiment</em> :-
1. Pasteur observed that even though the air entered the flask no micro organisms were growing in the flask.
2. Further,when he tilted the flask so that the broth came in contact with the part of the neck where the air borne microorganisms could have settled he was able to observe microbial growth in the flask.
These observations laid the theory of spontaneous generation to rest and proved that <em>organisms can only grow in the presence of pre-existing cells </em>which in this case were the microorganisms.
<span>Protein channels are needed to transport substances because it accelerates the transport process. Very few substances enter or leave cells without being attached to a transport protein. Different types of substances require different types of proteins to transport them. Protein channels transport water or ions downwards and ATP-powered pumps transport molecules or ions upwards. ATP generates energy to transport the molecules upwards. Gravity is used to transport the water molecules downwards. So, in a nutshell, if substances need to be transported from the top of the body downward, the force of gravity is used to transport the substances down. If substances need to be transported upwards, ATP, a coenzyme, is used to generate energy to transport the substance upwards</span>
