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Anton [14]
3 years ago
13

In discriminating between a viable and non-viable early intrauterine pregnancy, which one of the following criteria can be used

to reliably diagnose pregnancy failure?a. Crown-rump length < 7 mm and no heartbeat b. Mean gestational sac diameter of > 25 mm and no embryo c. Absence of embryo with heartbeat 3-5 days after an ultrasound scan that showed a gestational sac with a yolk sac d. An enlarged yolk sac (>7mm)
Biology
1 answer:
Alecsey [184]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The correct answer in discriminating between a viable and non-viable early intrauterine pregnancy is B: "<em>Mean gestational sac diameter of > 25 mm and no embryo".</em>

Explanation:

There are <u><em>different criteria</em></u> used to discriminate between a viable and a non-viable early intrauterine pregnancy. The most often used to diagnose pregnancy failure are:

-         <em>Crown-rump length criterion</em>: This is the absence of cardiac activity by the time the embryo has reached crown-rump length. <em>A crown-rump length of </em><u><em>7 mm or more</em></u><em> with no cardiac activity</em><em> has been suggested</em> by the latest studies <em>to diagnose a non-viable pregnancy</em>. There is a substantial likelihood that <em>a crown-rump length</em><u><em> </em></u><u><em>< 7 mm</em></u> can result in a <em>false-positive diagnosis of pregnancy failure.</em>

-         <em>Mean sac diameter criterion</em>: This is the absence of embryo by the time the gestational sac has grown to a certain size. The gestational sac increases as the pregnancy progress. It has been suggested by the latest studies to use a <em>mean sac diameter of </em><u><em>25 mm or more</em></u><em>, and no visible embryo</em> to diagnose failed pregnancy. A mean sac diameter of <u>16 to 24 mm</u> and <u>no embryo</u> <u>is </u><em><u>suspicious</u></em> for failed pregnancy, but shouldn’t be used to diagnose it.

-         <em>Time-based criteria</em>: This is the absence of an embryo by a certain point in time. If an initial sonogram shows that there is a <em>gestational sac and a yolk sac, but about </em><u><em>11 days later</em></u><em> there isn’t any embryo with cardiac activity</em>, then a <em><u>failed pregnancy</u></em> can be established. The <em><u>timing event</u></em> in early pregnancy is precise and reproducible to perform a correct diagnosis.  

There are also <em>suspicious findings</em> that may help to identify a non-viable pregnancy. These are<u><em> not certain</em></u> and have not been extensively studied yet, so they <em><u>cannot be used to reliably diagnose</u></em> a pregnancy failure. A few of these findings are an empty amnion, a small gestational sac size, and the yolk sac size.

-         <em>Yolk sac</em>: An e<em>nlarged yolk sac</em> sized <em>over 7 mm</em> is <em><u>suspicious</u></em> for a failed pregnancy.

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