Lets consider the group known as tetrapods, these include Salamanders, Turtles and the Leopard. A. Are they a monophyletic group
? (1 point) B. Is the Amniotic Egg ancestral or derived for this group (tetrapods)? (1 point) C. Is the Vertebral Column ancestral or derived for this group (tetrapods)? (1 point) Now consider the group known as fish, this includes the Lamprey and the Tuna. D. Is this a monophyletic group? (2 points) E. Why or why not? (1 point)
Yes, tetrapods are monophyletic group because the ancestor of all the tetrapods have four legs. Amniotic Egg was also comes from tetrapods which enables the reptiles to lay egg on the dry land. Yes, Vertebral Column is also derived from the evolution of early tetrapods. Yes, Lamprey and the Tuna belongs to monophyletic group because they both evolved from the common ancestor.
Catalysis An enzyme may catalyse a reaction by stressing or
destabilizing the bonds of the substrates. This point in the enzymatic reaction
is known as the Transition State. An
enzyme can couple a nonspontaneous reaction to a spontaneous reaction so that
anabolic processes will occur.
According to the question, mating between two populations of Rhagoletis produce hybrid flies.
This means that the two population is present in the same habitat or locality, hence they are capable of coming in contact with each other and mate. Hence, the answer cannot be Habitat Isolation.
Mating produces hybrid flies. This is possible when the gametes (egg and sperm) of the two different populations are capable of capable of coming close to each other and undergoing fusion (fertilization). Hence, there is no Mechanical Isolation.
The zygote formed by the above fertilization is capable of developing into healthy hybrid flies with normal life span. Hence, Pre-zygotic Isolation is absent.
But the hybrid flies formed are sterile and not fertile, that is, they are incapable of producing viable gametes which can undergo fertilization and produce a new offspring.Therefore, the eggs laid by the hybrid flies hatch less often. Hence, there is existence of Reduced hybrid fertility.
