First of as Japan is an island nation set on an archipelago.
The area on which they could grow food was limited but thanks to plenty of rain
and an agreeable climate they made the best of what they had. Unfortunately,
the frequent earthquakes can also cause tsunamis and cause huge devastation. In cultural
and political sense this geographic location helped Japan protect their
nation and also helped them preserve and foster their cultural identity while
the sea routes allowed for good trading opportunities.
Ataturk supported secularism (the separation of religion and the state organisation) in Turkey and sought to make Turkey more western for example by adopting Roman script.
The correct answer is 4).
The reason why 3) is incorrect is that Turkey was not a communist country before Ataturk's time - it was a monarchy (the Ottoman empire)
The belief of nullification is illustrated when a state believes that it does not have to obey a federal law because the law exceeds the national government's authority.
<h3>What is a
nullification?</h3>
It means the theory that holds that the state has the right to nullify or invalidate any federal laws which that state has deemed unconstitutional with respect to the United States Constitution.
Hence, this belief is also illustrated when a state believes that it does not have to obey a federal law because the law exceeds the national government's authority.
Read more about nullification
brainly.com/question/1346785
#SPJ1
