Answer:
(European) goldsmiths
Explanation:
European goldsmiths (Italian goldsmiths were the first) formulated a principle that only 5% of deposits were needed in reserve at any particular time, therefore they could lend 95% of the gold they held in deposit.
Goldsmiths would rent space in their vaults that allowed other people to keep their gold in a safe place. That led to transactions were notes indicating the amount of gold deposited would be traded instead of trading gold itself.
Eventually goldsmiths discovered that they could trade (lend) more money than the amount of gold they held in deposits, inventing fractional reserve banking.
Operant conditioning is used by Mark .
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Explanation:</u></h3>
The instrumental conditioning is the other name given for operant conditioning. It can be considered as a method of learning in which rewards and punishments are used for modification of certain behaviors. This forms a relativity between certain behavior and the consequences of that behavior.
In the example given, Mark has decided to give rewards in order to make his employees to reach office at time. Monthly rewards are given to those employees who did not take breaks and thus he is using the principle of Operant conditioning .
<span>a sum of money sent or in payment for goods or services or as a gift.
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B.one loaf of bread free when you buy one at regular price of 68 cents per loaf
Answer:
A. she assumes that the employees are lazy and just throw in some random ideas when they have discussion meetings about their new product/service or an upgrade of the organisation's product/service. therefore since she assumes that they don't actually think to help give ideas, she decides that it is best to scold them when they aren't trying their best.
B. she assumes that her employees are responsible enough to find a way to keep themselves entertained while finishing their tasks.
C. she dosent trust her employees yet to let them take control without her being needed since she may assume that they aren't experienced enough or responsible enough to take huge responsibility yet.
D. she assumes that since they want to leave early all the time, they may not like their job very much and would want to get out of the company as soon as possible since there would be a chance that they would be stopped to help with extra work.