The world is improving energy efficiency and vehicle fuel economy and also increasing wind and solar power.
Urbanization with increased medical facilities, DTM stage 3.
Rock layers form when settlements build up over time they usually have to go through pressure and compaction/cementation before this happens
The Grand Canyon is like a history book because you can see all the layers of rock and dirt throughout the ages, and scientists can read those to tell what happened.
Hope this helped :)