Informal speeches or fireside chats on the radio
During the colonial period, the British Parliament used the policy of mercantilism to trade goods that were in demand elsewhere in Europe in order to gain more revenue to extract more resources from the New World--in somewhat of an economic cycle.
The central theme of Andrew Jackson’s campaign in the 1828 elections was that he would fight for the "common man," since he was running against "big business" and the banks that were thought to be hurting the lives of "average" Americans.
Public policy in the United States is shaped by a wide variety of forces, from polls and election results to interest groups and institutions, both formal and informal. In addition to political parties, the influence of diverse and sometimes antagonistic political forces has been widely acknowledged by policymakers and evidenced by scholars, and journalists. In recent years concerns have been growing that deep-pocketed donors now play an unprecedented role in American politics — concerns supported by 2013 research from Harvard and the University of Sydney that found that for election integrity, the U.S. ranked 26th out of 66 countries analyzed.
The question of who shapes public policies and under what conditions is a critical one, particularly in the context of declining voter turnout. From both a theoretical and practical point of view, it is important to understand if voters still have the possibility of providing meaningful input into public policies, or if the government bypasses citizens in favor of economic elites and interest groups with strong fundraising and organizational capacity.
