Answer:
State John Hay
Secretary of State John Hay first articulated the concept of the “Open Door” in China in a series of notes in 1899–1900.
They started at the tip of subsaharan Africa and some migrated east towards Asia and others went west towards Europe. Those who went to Europe also managed to get a land bridge to North America and then to south America
here
He attempted to repeat this success with an effort to build a Panama Canal at sea level during the 1880s, but the project was devastated by epidemics of malaria and yellow fever in the area, as well as beset by financial problems, and the planned Lesseps Panama Canal was never completed. Eventually, the project was bought out by the United States, which solved the medical problems and changed the design to a non-sea level canal with locks. It was completed in 1914
