Answer:
57.39% probability that between 50 and 60 of them were in favor of leaving the U.K.
Step-by-step explanation:
I am going to use the normal approximmation to the binomial to solve this question.
Binomial probability distribution
Probability of exactly x sucesses on n repeated trials, with p probability.
Can be approximated to a normal distribution, using the expected value and the standard deviation.
The expected value of the binomial distribution is:
The standard deviation of the binomial distribution is:
Normal probability distribution
Problems of normally distributed samples can be solved using the z-score formula.
In a set with mean and standard deviation
, the zscore of a measure X is given by:
The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the pvalue, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.
When we are approximating a binomial distribution to a normal one, we have that ,
.
In this problem, we have that:
So
What is the probability that between 50 and 60 of them were in favor of leaving the U.K.?
Using continuity correction, this is . So this is the pvalue of Z when X = 60.5 subtracted by the pvalue of Z when X = 49.5. So
X = 60.5
has a pvalue of 0.9484
X = 49.5
has a pvalue of 0.3745
0.9484 - 0.3745 = 0.5739
57.39% probability that between 50 and 60 of them were in favor of leaving the U.K.