To protect the cell from its surroundings.
Question is incomplete. Complete question has been attached.
Answer:
A) DNA polymerase is a directional enzyme that synthesizes leading and lagging strands during replication.
Explanation:
DNA polymerase synthesizes the new DNA strand from the template strands. Both the strands in a DNA molecule act as templates, however both of them have different orientation. It was observed that 3'-5' template DNA produced a new DNA strand continuously in one step. However, 5'-3' template produced new DNA strand in fragments which were joined together later. This observation gave the idea that DNA polymerase is a directional enzyme. It synthesizes DNA in 5'-3' direction so 3'-5' template gave rise to a continuous DNA segment. However, for 5'-3' template, DNA polymerase had to synthesize in opposite direction i.e. 3'-5' which was not possible directly. So the enzyme replicates it in short separate fragments which are later joined by DNA ligase.
<u>Answer:</u>
D. Antimicrobial peptides; disrupt positively charged bacterial membranes
The above skin defenses and its mechanism is mismatched
<u>Explanation</u>:
Antimicrobial peptides which is considered as a natural antibiotic. It is produced by all types of living organisms for example plants, animals, and also bacteria. It is also known as host peptides. The rich source of antimicrobial peptides is noticed as amphibian skin glands. It is different and a diverse class of molecule. It is commonly between 12 and 50 amino acids. It is also called as innate immune response which is found among all classes of life. It disrupts positively charged bacterial membrane, fungi, enveloped viruses and cancerous cell
Any object in the universe that basically has a temperature above absolute zero.
Answer:
maternal mtDNA
Explanation:
While nothing but the haploid nucleus remains of the sperm during fertilisation, the ovum still has its mitochondria and other organelles. Mitochondria are capable of division and will divide according to cell's needs.
So it is the maternal mtDNa that gets passed on. Spontaneous mutations can happen at any point ofcourse and get passed on in the same way.