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Cooperative federalism, also known as marble-cake federalism, is defined as a flexible relationship between the federal and state governments in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs.
Marble Cake Federalism is a form of federalism where there is mixing of powers, resources, and programs between and among the national, state, and local governments. ... In marble cake federalism there will be an intermingling of all levels of government in policies and programming.
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Explanation:the life of cherry when yoface hurt
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Activists like W.E.B. Du Bois (who was working as a professor at Atlanta University at the time) deplored Washington's conciliatory philosophy and his belief that African Americans were only suited to vocational training. Du Bois criticized Washington for not demanding equality for African Americans, as granted by the 14th Amendment, and subsequently became an advocate for full and equal rights in every realm of a person's life.
Though Washington had done much to help advance many African Americans, there was some truth in the criticism. During Washington's rise as a national spokesperson for African Americans, they were systematically excluded from the vote and political participation through Black codes and Jim Crow laws as rigid patterns of segregation and discrimination became institutionalized throughout the South and much of the country.In 1901, President Theodore Roosevelt invited Washington to the White House, making him the first African American to be so honored. But the fact that Roosevelt asked Washington to dine with him (inferring the two were equal) was unprecedented and controversial, causing an ferocious uproar among white people.
Both President Roosevelt and his successor, President William Howard Taft, used Washington as an adviser on racial matters, partly because he accepted racial subservience. His White House visit and the publication of his autobiography, Up from Slavery, brought him both acclaim and indignation from many Americans. While some African Americans looked upon Washington as a hero, others, like Du Bois, saw him as a traitor. Many Southern white people, including some prominent members of Congress, saw Washington's success as an affront and called for action to put African Americans "in their place."
There were a number of reasons Federalists opposed the Louisiana Purchase. One can assume some opposed it just because it was Jefferson who made the purchase, out of a kind of reflex. Others had heard wild stories about the land purchased, and thought the purchase a bad bargain. Some thought that the inclusion of Louisiana as the treaty was written would undercut the power of the states by not having each state vote, thus undercutting Federalist power. (Some Federalists in the eastern states specifically feared a shift in power to the west.)
http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/why-did-some-federalists-oppose-louisiana-purchase-21441
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The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era.
The Catholic Reformation was the intellectual counter-force to Protestantism. The desire for reshape within the Catholic Church had started before the spread of Luther.
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