Answer:
Cellular respiration
Explanation:
The greater profitability of aerobic respiration in relation to fermentation is explained by the complete breakdown of the glucose molecule, with its carbon atoms separated into CO2 molecules, and the complete removal of its energy-rich hydrogen atoms. Cellular respiration is divided into 3 stages: glycolysis (where glucose breaks down literally), the Krebs cycle and the respiratory chain.
All stages of glycolysis take place in hyaloplasm. Initially, the glucose molecule receives 2 phosphate groups, converting to 1,6-P fructose:
glucose + 2 ATP fructose 1,6 – P + 2 ADP
Then, this molecule is broken down into two molecules with 3 carbon atoms each.
fructose 1,6 – P + 4 AD 2 pyruvic acid + 4 ATP
In this break, two molecules of NAD (nicotinamide – adenine-dinucleotide) collect hydrogen atoms with electrons rich in energy, converting into two molecules of NADH. These two molecules of NADH will take these hydrogen atoms into the mitochondria.
Then, a new oxidation turns each molecule of pyruvic acid into a molecule of acetyl coenzyme-A (or acetyl CoA). In this passage, two more molecules of NAD become NADH.
2 pyruvic acid + 2 CoA + 2 NAD 2 acetyl CoA + 2 NADH + 2 CO2
Up to the present stage, two molecules of acetyl CoA, two molecules of CO2, two molecules of ATP and four molecules of NADH have been formed from a glucose molecule.
