This is a tricky one but it should be .
Answer:
A) Monarchy
Explanation:
In a monarchy, one ruler (the king) along with his counsel has total rule over their kingdom, which does not happen in a Direct Democracy or a Republic. In a Dictatorship, the Dictator rules alone.
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Similarities between Central and state government are both controlled by the government, and sorry if it took a long time but that’s the only answer I know I search every where online and maybe you can try that too? Again I am very sorry, for not enough information.
Paper, allowed documents to be written and stored easier
Wheel, allowed faster transportation and could be used for pottery
Calendar, allowed for organized farming