<span><span>A. </span>B-cells
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Which type of white blood cells is produced in the thymus and destroys the
cell membranes of bacteria are B-cells. These b-cells are also known and called as B
lymphocytes. Their function primarily is to create antibodies which combats
antigens such as bacteria. They are also responsible for immune regulatory
indications –cytokines. In contrast, T-cells are a type of white blood cells
that combat any substance from the inside or within the body.
This may be a sebaceous cyst. This type of bump develops when sebaceous glands are blocked. Sebum builds up and a bump develops. This bump can feel hard to touch. Sebum is naturally produced, so there usually is not inflammation.
Answer:
when you are pregnant, it is important for you to increase the amounts of foods you eat with these nutrients. Most women can meet their increased needs with a healthy diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and proteins.
Answer:
There is rice water it really helps it helps grows your hair or try a hair mask those help to and avoid heat it could cause some damage.
Explanation:
Answer:
b. The rats press the lever least when cocaine is presented.
Explanation:
Reinforcement or reward refers to the physiological processes by which a given behavior, such as drug use, becomes habitual. This occurs when neurons release the neurotransmitter dopamine to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after drug use.
In tobacco, nicotine is the main component triggering of the reinforcement. Once inside the brain, nicotine activates nicotinic receptors, which in turn contributes to the reinforcement mechanism. Following repeated exposure to nicotine, a neuroadaptation process is established for some (but not all) effects of nicotine. Increased brain nAChRs (acetylcoline receptors) are observed in response to desensitization of these nicotine-mediated receptors. This desensitization can play an important role in the development of tolerance and dependence.
The fact that nicotine is a weak reinforcer, means that maybe the rat already had an neuroadaptation with this drug, not feeling anything with this drug anymore, and thats why he would prefer other drug, like cocaine, pressing the lever of nicotine less often.