As the map is not given in the question, the question is incomplete. I've attached map for this question below for a better understanding.
Diaspora is the Greek word for Dispersion. Jewish diasporas means the dispersion and scattering of Jewish throughout the world.
Following were the three Jewish diasporas:
In 722BC, Assyrians attacked and conquered the area of Israel, which resulted in the scattering of Jewish people all over Middle East.
In 597BC, Jewish were deported by the Emperor Nebuchadnezzar, but were granted permission to stay in the city of Babylon.
Another group of Jews settled in Egypt. In 538BC, Cyrus The Persian allowed them to come back. Still a lot of Jewish decided to stay in Babylon. Jews in Egypt stayed there and became mercenaries.