Mahmud ll was the sultan during that time.
Proximity means how close something is; closeness.
The answer could be that how his family and White House mislead the public about his illness. James Reston comments that journalists do not take the health of candidates seriously and that needs to change.
The n-word originated in the eighteenth century, and it was used as a derogatory slur against African American slaves. The slave masters called their slaves the n-word. Black people reclaimed this word as their own and use it (the n-word without the hard er ending) as a way to address their friends. By using it in this manner, they're taking away the power it has over them as a slur. Also, there is no equivalent of the n-word for White people. No word could give White people the same history of enslavement or trauma that Black people endured back then.