The US government wanted to win the Space Race, and since they saw the USSR had already put an object into space they needed to catch up or beat them.
King Tutankhamen (or Tutankhamun) ruled Egypt as pharaoh for 10 years until his death at age 19, around 1324 B.C. Although his rule was notable for reversing the tumultuous religious reforms of his father, Pharaoh Akhenaten, Tutankhamen's legacy was largely negated by his successors.
It was harsh. They had to work on the Manor. They couldn't leave the manor nor be forced off it. The person the serf is working for owes them protection and the serfs give labor and loyalty.