Answer:
B. applying most Bill of Rights protections to state governments.
Explanation:
Incorporation, according to United States law is simply the way sections of the Bill of Rights are applied to state level instead of only federal level.
Before the 20th Century, most notably in 1833, the Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights applied only to federal legal and not at state level. Also in 1876, the Supreme Court also ruled that the First and Second Amendment didn't apply to the state level.
However, from the early 1900s, there were decisions taken by the Supreme Court which interpreted that the Fourteenth Amendment was to incorporate many parts of the Bill of Rights and for the first time, it was applicable to state governments.
The United States presidential election of 1876 was one of the most disputed presidential elections in American history. Samuel J. Tilden of New York outpolled Ohio's Rutherford B. Hayes in the popular vote, and had 184 electoral votes to Hayes' 165, with 20 votes uncounted. In result, It tested the Constitution and resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction in America.
They are territory of the United States, but not considered a state.
