Answer:I don’t know what the main question is
Explanation:
The Nazi loss in the Battle of the Bulge sealed the Third Reich's fate-- the Allies were free to invade Germany, causing its downfall.
During 1500 - 1800 Muslim controls of North Africa placed a type of obstacle to European exploration of interior of Africa from north. So the Dutch were the starters to en-route in direction to interior including South Africa as a part of developing routes to trade with Asia
Hope this helps!
~LYNA~
